47 YEARS AGO TODAY
Sep 29 1957
An explosion at the Chelyabinsk-40 complex, a Soviet nuclear fuel processing plant, irradiates the nearby city of Kyshtym with strontium-90, cesium-137, and plutonium. One of the largest ecological catastrophes of human kind, this accident releases twice the radioactivity of the Chernobyl incident.
Not many people were thinking about environmental safety then. Nuclear waste was discharged in the local river. People who lived nearby did not have a slightest idea about it.
Large amount of water, used for operating of nuclear reactors, was saturated with radioactive and toxic substances and was wasted in special radiological effluents’ storages.
Because of monitoring devices malfunction, ventilation was not turned on and oxyhydrogen gas had accumulated above these storages on September 29, 1957. As a result of the detonation, 80 tons of radioactive mixture had risen in the air, forming above the industrial complex a cloud of strontium-90 isotope. The trail from this cloud made up about 350 kilometers, and was about 50 kilometers wide. Contaminated area in Chelyabinsk, Sverdlovsk and Tyumen regions made up more than 20 000 square meters. The trail from the cloud went over 4 rivers and 30 lakes, consequently water sources’ radiation level had increased 10-100 times. 124 000 people were exposed to radiation.
A lot of people had seen a strange yellow cloud and a fog that day. Later on, a plain explanation was published in the local newspaper: it was a rare natural phenomenon.
Soldiery and local residents were liquidating the catastrophe. They did not have any protection, not even breathing masks. With the help of bulldozers they were stripping topsoil, knocking off plaster from the buildings and washing away radioactive dust with wet brushes. Only 1.5 years later the industrial complex started operating again.
Later, people were resettled – but only from the most contaminated areas. On various pretexts, about 10 000 people were resettled from the “dead zone”. For example, they were told that oil was found, that is why the village would be demolished.
During the years of Soviet regime, authorities were keeping silence. Circumstances and consequences of the catastrophe were kept secret. Even doctors were forbidden to diagnose radiation sickness.
-http://www.uralpress.ru/english/show_region.php?id=4
see also http://archive.greenpeace.org/mayak/index.html
Recent Comments